Question 33
Domain 2 — AI Operations, Lifecycle, and Control EnvironmentStatistical sampling is distinguished from non-statistical (judgmental) sampling primarily because statistical sampling:
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Statistical sampling uses probability theory, so the auditor can "quantify sampling risk" and evaluate how likely the sample is to differ from the population. It also permits projecting sample results to the full population, unlike judgmental sampling, which relies on auditor discretion rather than measurable risk.
Why each option is right or wrong
A. Is faster and simpler to implement in practice
B. Allows the auditor to quantify sampling risk and project results to the full population
Under AU-C 530, Audit Sampling, statistical sampling is defined by the use of random selection and probability theory, which lets the auditor measure sampling risk rather than merely exercise judgment. Because each item in the population has a known chance of selection, the auditor can project the sample misstatement or deviation rate to the entire population and evaluate the likelihood that the sample is not representative.
C. Always requires a substantially larger sample to reach valid conclusions
D. Eliminates the need for auditor professional judgment