Patent Bar Exam Prep

Patent Bar Exam Glossary - 40 Terms

Search the terminology pack for Registration Examination for Patent Practitioners. Use these definitions with the study guide and practice questions.

#

35 U.S.C. § 101
Statutory provision defining patent-eligible subject matter as any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter.
35 U.S.C. § 102
Statutory provision governing novelty and what qualifies as prior art.
35 U.S.C. § 103
Statutory provision governing obviousness based on prior art.
35 U.S.C. § 112(f)
Statutory provision allowing claim elements to be expressed as a means or step for performing a function without reciting structure, material, or acts.
35 U.S.C. § 133
Statutory provision governing the time for prosecuting an application and responding to USPTO actions.
35 U.S.C. § 321(c)
Statutory provision setting the deadline for filing a post-grant review petition no later than 9 months after patent grant.
37 C.F.R. § 1.137
Regulation governing revival of abandoned patent applications for unavoidable or unintentional delay.
37 C.F.R. § 1.27
Regulation defining small entity status and related fee reduction eligibility.
37 C.F.R. § 1.29
Regulation defining micro entity status and the requirements for eligibility.

A

accused device
The product or apparatus alleged to infringe a patent claim.

C

claim
The part of a patent that defines the legal scope of the invention.
clerical error
A minor mistake in a patent that may be corrected through statutory correction procedures when no deceptive intent is involved.
composition of matter
A statutory category of invention covering chemical compositions and mixtures.

D

doctrine of equivalents
Infringement doctrine under which an accused product or process may infringe even if it does not literally meet claim language, if differences are insubstantial.
duty of candor and good faith
Requirement that parties dealing with the USPTO act honestly and disclose material information during prosecution.
duty of disclosure
Obligation of individuals involved in prosecution to disclose information material to patentability to the USPTO.

E

ex parte reexamination
A USPTO procedure allowing reconsideration of an issued patent based on prior art patents or printed publications, conducted primarily between the patent owner and the Office.

I

inter partes review
A PTAB trial proceeding to challenge patent claims on limited prior art grounds under §§ 102 and 103.

M

machine
A statutory category of invention covering a concrete apparatus or device.
manufacture
A statutory category of invention referring to an article made by humans.
means-plus-function claim
A claim format that recites a function rather than specific structure and is construed to cover corresponding disclosed structure and equivalents.
micro entity
An applicant status under USPTO rules providing greater fee reductions for parties meeting income, filing, and assignment limitations.
MPEP
The Manual of Patent Examining Procedure, which provides guidance on patent examination practice and procedure.

N

non-final Office Action
An Office Action issued before final rejection, typically allowing the applicant to respond as a matter of right.
nonstatutory double patenting
A judicially created doctrine preventing unjustified extension of patent rights through claims that are not patentably distinct from claims in another patent.

O

Office Action
An official written communication from the USPTO examiner stating objections, rejections, or other requirements.

P

Patent Trial and Appeal Board
The USPTO tribunal that handles appeals and post-grant trial proceedings such as IPR and PGR.
patent-eligible subject matter
Types of inventions that may qualify for patent protection under the patent statutes.
petition to revive
A request to reinstate an abandoned patent application under specified USPTO rules.
post-grant review
A PTAB proceeding that permits broad validity challenges to a patent within a limited period after grant.
printed publication
A publicly accessible document that may qualify as prior art for patentability challenges.
prior art
Existing knowledge or references that may be used to assess novelty or nonobviousness of a claimed invention.
process
A statutory category of invention involving a method or series of acts.

R

RCE
Abbreviation for Request for Continued Examination.
Request for Continued Examination
A filing that reopens prosecution after it has been closed, allowing further examination of an application.

S

small entity
An applicant status under USPTO rules that qualifies eligible parties for reduced patent fees.
specification
The written description in a patent application that explains the invention and how to make and use it.
statutory period
The time period set by statute for taking a required action in patent prosecution.

T

terminal disclaimer
A statement filed to disclaim or give up part of a patent term, often used to overcome a nonstatutory double patenting rejection.

U

unintentionally abandoned application
A patent application that became abandoned due to an unintended failure to take a required action.

About These Definitions

These definitions are loaded from the shared release pack. Use them with the study guide and practice questions to connect vocabulary to exam scenarios.